Page 348 - 1915, Springs of CA.

328 SPRINGS OF CALIFORNIA.
surface origin, though its temperature (64°) indicates that it may
rise from a depth of a few hundred feet. The spring was opened
by Mr. Guthrie at the base of a slope of loose material and has been
developed so that it yields about 900 gallons a minute of water of
very good quality. It is used for domestic purposes and for irriga-
tion on valley land that borders the course of Pit River.

LARGE COLD SPRINGS ON BURNEY CREEK (SHASTA 9).
During periods of normal and low water Burney Creek sinks at a point
5 or 6 miles north of Burney Valley, but a short distance above Burney
Falls, which are about 1| miles above the junction of the creek with
Pit River, the water issues again as large springs. The greater part
of the water goes over the falls, but a large part also issues from fis-
sures in the lava cliff, some distance below the crest of the falls.
Although the water is apparently only that of the creek which sinks
below Burney Valley and rises again farther down the course of the
stream, it may be properly considered to issue as springs, whose chief
difference from similar springs in the lava region is that the imme-
diate source of the water seems to be evident.

RISING RIVER (SHASTA 11).
Rising River is a stream that flows from a small lake about 10
miles east of Burney Valley, westward a distance of 2 or 3 miles to
Hat Creek. The water rises in the lake and adjacent meadow, and its
flow, which in July, 1910, was approximately 250 second-feet (112,500
gallons a minute), is nearly uniform. The water has been used to
some extent for irrigating meadow hay land, and by means of current
wheels a small amount of water is lifted for dairy and domestic sup-
plies. The source of the springs of Rising River is not so evident as
is that of the springs on Burney Creek, but the water is locally (and
plausibly) believed to be derived from Butte or Lost Creek, which
flows from Lake Bidwell or Butte Lake to Porcupine Flat, where it
sinks about 12 miles southeast of the head of Rising River.

GREAT SPRINGS (SHASTA 12).
Great Springs issue for a distance of about a quarter of a mile
along the southwestern bank of Hat Creek, at the northern base of
the mountain mass that culminates in Lassen Peak (PI. XI). The
greater part of the headwaters of Hat Creek is conducted westward
by a power ditch, so that in July, 1910, there was a flow of only
about 2 second-feet (900 gallons a minute) in its channel above Great
Springs. Below the springs the stream was 50 to 75 feet wide and 2
or 3 feet deep, and a float measurement indicated a discharge of 280
second-feet (126,000 gallons a minute). A portion of the water has
been used for a number of years on the small ranches of Indians and