Page 267 - 1915, Springs of CA.

CARBONATED SPRINGS. 247

In 1910 the spring still furnished the water supply for the ranch.
Bubbles of inflammable gas rise with the water, which has a
slight odor of hydrogen sulphide. A temperature of 84° was
recorded in the reservoir. Another spring of weak flow rises about
30 feet west of the main one and is also inclosed by a small stone
reservoir. Its water is similar in character to that of the main
spring. The water rises from Miocene shale, which here dips about
25° N. toward San Fernando Valley.

BTTCKMAN SPRINGS (SAN DIEGO 17).
In the southeastern part of San Diego County, 35 miles in a direct
line but nearly 60 miles by road east of San Diego, is an isolated
group of small carbonated springs, which were developed about
1876 and have been improved for a number of years. The water
has been marketed for table use under the label "California Club
Water." The group, which is known as Buckman Springs, com-
prises six small carbonated springs, lying 20 to 30 yards apart on a
gentle slope on the eastern side of Tia Juana Creek. One of the
springs issues from pegmatite at the creek edge; another, 40 yards
farther upstream, rises in a box-curbed pool at the base of a bank in
the soil. These two springs have not been used commercially. The
other four springs are arranged in a square, 25 to 50 yards east of the
creek, and have been developed by excavating small reservoirs in low
mounds of lime carbonate. The gas and water from them have been
collected by tanks and piped to a bottling house over the largest
spring. All of the flows are small, probably less than 1 gallon a
minute, but the water is strongly carbonated and is pleasing for table
use. The considerable amount of iron in the water has been detri-
mental to its sale for table use, for a portion is deposited as a slight
coating in the bottles after they have been filled for a few weeks.
The rock near the springs is granitic and is cut by pegmatite dikes,
but half a mile northeastward hills of a dark-colored diabase that
contains much hornblende and is cut by quartz ledges extend into
the creek valley. The pegmatite in the granitic area and the horn-
blende rock near by furnish conditions that differ somewhat from
those observed at other carbonated springs. The presence of both
rocks is at least worthy of note in connection with the unusually high
contents of iron and silica that are indicated by an old analysis of
the water. The high relative salinity and unreasonably high " com-
bined water" in this analysis, however, cast doubt on its reliability
as reported.
MAGNESIA SPRING (RIVERSIDE 13).
In the southeastern desert section of California there
springs that are noticeably carbonated as well as
saline like many of the other desert sprii